Friday, May 8, 2020

Church Security: Keeping Churches Safe in a World with Evil People


I call for the body of Christ to persist in prayer and to take seriously the call to humbly seek solutions to violence in the church.  We must reject our inclination to entrench behind the superficial political talking points parroted in these times and ask what we, as the Church of Jesus Christ, can and should do to keep those that bear His image safe from this violence.

 While there is comfort in knowing that the faithful gathering of believers endures despite potential violence, churches across the country will be thinking and praying through security for their upcoming service, painfully aware that, on any given Sunday, it could be them facing a crisis.

 So, as a result of my research and experience, I want to encourage church leaders and laypeople to ask how we can think through questions of security while at the same time remaining welcoming and open to our communities.  So as pastors, elders, and ministry leaders begin the hard and complex procedure of refining their security processes, I want to offer some practical advice for us all to consider:

 A. It is time wake up to the need for security.  Those churches that have experienced these assaults must be a reminder us that no church is immune from potential attack.  While it is essential that we resist the urge to unreasonable fear, churches must take seriously the question of security and be proactive in safeguarding their people.

 There doesn’t seem to be a great deal of statistical research on church shootings, but when criminologist Dallas Drake and two interns first searched for church shootings in the United States, they found there were more shootings in Christian churches between 2006 and 2016—147 of them—than in the prior 25 years. [1] Concerned with the threat of violence in or around the church, security teams began to develop protocol and training for everything from monitoring exits to administering communion. 

 While I don’t think this level of security is normal for all churches, it does reinforce the need for churches to think through issues of security.  Churches present easy targets for those hoping to inflict harm.  Churches are a collection of people, facing forward and away from the exits, who are focused on worshiping and serving their Savior rather than considering their own safety.

The challenge is smaller churches.  In these cases, churches need to look at using volunteers with little to no experience or training in law enforcement to supply their security.  If this is impossible, churches need to challenge these volunteers to undergo some form of training in order to be better equipped for their role.  

B. It is important to develop strong relationships with law enforcement in your community.  A strong working relationship is critical for a host of reasons:

1) It allows church leaders the freedom to call the police for advice and insight on problems that come up.  If someone is causing a disturbance or there are threats for potential violence made against the church, police can provide not only physical support but also wisdom on the proper response.  Beyond these immediate situations, police training on issues such as domestic violence, sexual assault, and online bullying are invaluable, if not necessary, for churches struggling to discern the correct pathway forward.

2) It allows the police to become familiar with your building in case of emergency.  A church might consider opening their building to police to host drills and other events because it will help familiarize officers with the doors and flow.

 3) Developing a relationship with the police in your community provides a window to witness and minister.  While attacks against churches are comparatively rare, police regularly face stressful situations where the church can be active in its support.

C. It is helpful to consider “visible deterrence.”

 Allow me to preface this by saying that there is a concept called the Force Continuum (sequence), which has been around for years.  In a situation where you are required to defend yourselves a question that will often arise is, “How much force are you allowed to use in a tense and potentially dangerous situation?”

The first level of the Force Continuum is Presence.  The mere presence of a visible, and maybe even uniformed, security person is often enough to stop a crime in progress or prevent future crime.  It’s the idea that attackers often look for soft or easy targets, and they will be frightened off by even the potential for push back.  Rather than having security hidden or blended into the people, an open presence among the people can both reassure and protect. [2] 

 Simply by a having a uniformed volunteer on the lookout, many threats can be diverted before they even begin.  For bigger churches, this may extend to having security vehicles and/or officers outside in the parking lot to establish a clear presence among the arriving congregants.

I understand that some people will worry that this “visible deterrence” could actually deter honest people from church.  This is a real tension that needs to be thoughtfully navigated between the need for security and our primary duty to welcome all kinds of people to church.  Security volunteers need to be trained effectively in balancing an inviting heart aimed at those who need Jesus against scanning and identifying threats.

 D. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.  This is perhaps nowhere as true as in training your staff to respond to emergencies.  On-going training for staff and volunteers is crucial.  More than simply knowing how to respond to violent situations, proper training helps prevent situations where security volunteers go overboard out of fear.  Proper training is about teaching your volunteers and staff to discern the right actions under the right situations.

In this respect, make use of church members with experience or current employment in law enforcement.  Just as churches use members with accounting backgrounds for financial management of the church and those with musical abilities on the worship team, churches need to rely upon members with experience in security or violence prevention.  The three specific areas would be police, military, and private security firms (Private Security Contractors).

Aside from the wealth of experience that they can bring to your church on the issue of security, these individuals represent hundreds, if not thousands, of hours of training and experience.  They have put in the time to understand how to identify and react to threats and can help train others in your church in the fundamentals of security.

This emphasis upon training is repeatedly voiced by security professionals.  Churches who take security seriously should be meeting regularly (monthly or quarterly) to go over processes and to work through scenarios. Churches should also think about periodically incorporating ushers, greeters, and pastoral staff into this training as they often serve as the first people to identify a threat.  As mentioned above, these would be great opportunities to reach out to police departments to either lead or at least occasionally provide assistance.

A reminder: security is under the providence of God.

I’ve been bothered by some of the foolishness I’ve seen on social media—people boasting that their church would have done better.  That’s foolish.  If you are not familiar with firearms, you don’t understand how surprise, tactics, body armor, and semi-automatic weapons work. Security can and does help, but even in some of the past shooter events, multiple people were dead before a good guy with a gun stopped a bad guy with a gun.

The “we’d stop them here” boasting is superficial ignorance but, more importantly, it devalues the victims by implicitly suggesting that they could have done better to stop the deaths of their loved ones.

While thinking through security is necessary, no security plan is foolproof.

Where does that leave us?  At the end of the day, we have to trust the Lord and live by faith, not fear.  So, even as I have outlined some practical measures churches can explore to help strengthen their security processes, I want to remind us that we have to resist the urge to act out of fear.  We live in a world groaning and broken under the weight of sin where evil knows where to find and harm the good.   
Yet despite this, scripture consistently calls us to not be afraid.  We must remember that God is sovereign and reminds us, “So do not fear, for I am with you; do not be dismayed, for I am your God. I will strengthen you and help you; I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.” (Isaiah 41:10)
Paul reminds us in 2 Timothy 1:7 that, “God did not give us a spirit of timidity, but a spirit of power, of love and of self-discipline.” 

In Philippians 4:6-7 Paul urges us to come to God rather than to act in anxiety, recognizing that God gives to us supernatural peace to combat the fears of this world in addition to the wisdom to navigate life.  Near the end of the Gospel of John, Jesus leaves the disciples with these comforting words:

 “Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid.” (John 14:27)

 We must be wise and decisive and, in all our actions, we must reject fear.  Our fear says that we control all things, whereas God’s Word reminds us that He is sovereign.  So as we begin to think through how to keep our people safe, we should begin with the reminder that our hope is secure in God!

 “The Lord is my helper; I will not be afraid. What can man do to me?" (Hebrews 13:6)




[1] Francie Diep, Pacific Standard, https://psmag.com/news/research-on-shootings-in-churches, May 3, 2017

[2] National Institute of Justice, "The Use-of-Force Continuum," August 3, 2009, nij.ojp.gov:
https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/use-force-continuum





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